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2023
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What are the oil drilling equipment and tools?
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In order to explore and exploit oil and gas deep in the formation, people must use a variety of drilling equipment and tools to drill through hard and complex formations, which is the main task of drilling. In order to meet the needs of the rapid development of China's petroleum industry, it is necessary to drill more wells, drill wells quickly, and drill wells wells to double the drilling speed. To this end, while fully mobilizing the positive factors of people, it is also necessary to provide drilling workers with advanced and well-performing drilling equipment and tools, and make full use of modern science and technology to serve oil drilling. Drilling equipment and tools include surface drilling equipment (oil drilling rigs), drill bits, drill strings, etc. According to the needs of drilling, washing, starting and lowering drilling tools and other processes in the drilling process, a set of drilling rigs must have the following systems and equipment:
(1) Lifting system. It is used for lifting and unloading drilling tools, replacing drill bits, and lowering casings.
(2) Rotation system. It is used to drive the drilling tool to rotate, break the rock, and deepen the borehole.
(3) Circulatory system. It is used to circulate drilling fluid to clean the bottom of the well, carry out the broken cuttings, and ensure continuous drilling.
(4) Power equipment. The power equipment that drives working machines such as winches, turntables, drilling pumps, etc., mostly uses diesel engines, and some drilling rigs are driven by AC or DC motors.
(5) Transmission system. The main task is to transfer and distribute the energy of the power equipment to the working machines.
(6) Control system. In order to direct the coordinated work of the various systems, the whole rig is also equipped with various control equipment, such as mechanical, hydraulic or electrical control devices, equipped with centralized control consoles and observation and recording instruments.
(7) Base. Including drill floor base, machine room base and drilling pump base, etc.
(8) Auxiliary equipment. Generally, it includes wellhead blowout prevention devices, air compression equipment, auxiliary power generation equipment, auxiliary lifting equipment, wellhead tools and mobile homes.
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